Security, the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol can protect the While the Basic encoding method provides no real Microsoft hasĭeveloped a proprietary method for use with HTTP authenticationĬalled NTLM that is supported only by Internet Unfortunately, mostīrowsers support only Basic. The advantage is that only theĮncrypted random string is exchanged, not the user password.īoth the web server and the browser need to support theĭigest encoding method. It to the encrypted string that has just arrived. Stored at the server to encrypt the same random string and compares Server in the Authorization header field, as the Then encrypts the random string using the password provided by the Random string to send with the authorization challenge. Some web servers, including Apache, support theĭigest method is used, the server generates a Theīasic encoding of the credentials provides No real protection of the username and password. Isn't designed to protect data rather it allowsīinary data to be transmitted over a network, and therefore provides That is encoded into the Authorization headerįield is simply the username and the password separated by a colonĬharacter and then base-64 encoded. The Basic encoding is just that: basic! The string An authorized request sent by the browser after the credentials have been collected GET /auth/keys.php HTTP/1.0Īccept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/png, */*Īuthorization: Basic ZGF2ZTpwbGF0eXB1cw= Example 9-2 shows a request containing encoded credentialsĮxample 9-2. The additional Authorization header field. Has collected the credentials, it resends the original request with The browser stores authentication credentials for each realm itĮncounters until the browser program is terminated. If the browser has previously collected credentials for the realm. A browser can automatically respond to a challenge Is displayed when credentials are collected Figure 9-1 shows the realm Marketing The realm is used by the browser to label usernames and passwords and The name of the realm the authentication applies to. The WWW-Authenticate header field contains theĬhallenge method, the method by which the browserĬollects and encodes the user credentials. An unauthorized response sent by Apache HTTP/1.1 401 Authorization Required The sequence of HTTP requests and responses when an unauthorized page is requested Example 9-1. Theīrowser then resends the request, including theĪuthorization header field that contains theĮxample 9-1 shows the HTTP response sent from anĪpache server when a request is made for a resource that requiresįigure 9-2. Need to prompt for a username and password to meet the challenge. Instruct the browser on how to meet the challenge. WWW-Authenticate field contains parameters that Status code set to 401 Unauthorized, and the The server sends back a challenge response with the Is challenged The browser sends a request for a resource stored on The interaction between a web browser and a web server when a request An Apache server,Ĭonfigured to protect resources with authentication, uses a file thatĬontains a list of usernames and encrypted passwords, while otherĪpplications might use a table of users in a database. The authentication depends on the application. User's credentials and then decide if the user isĪuthorized to receive the requested resource. The server needs theĮncoded username and password to establish the This support doesn't authenticate a user or provideĪuthorization to access a resource or service. Netscape requests a username and password Header field that encodes the user credentials.įigure 9-1. After the username and password have beenĮntered, the browser then resends the request containing an extra Received, the browser presents a dialog box that collects a usernameĪnd password a dialog box presented by Netscape is shown in Figure 9-1. Server can challenge the request by sending a response with the Sends an HTTP request for a resource that requires authentication, a Support to authenticate and authorize user access. Only for RuBoard - do not distribute or recompile
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